In 2011, approximately 21,990 patients are estimated to be diagnosed with ovarian cancer in the United States. An estimated 15,460 will die of this disease. Thus, it is the most deadly of the gynecological malignancies.
The average lifetime risk of ovarian malignancy is currently 1.7percent in the united states. African American women have a lesser incidence of the tumor.
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Women who haven’t had children are at greater risk. Cancer risk is reduced in those who’ve given birth, breastfed, have had a tubal ligation, or required oral contraceptives.
Most patients don’t have any symptoms before the malignancy spreads into the upper abdomen. By this moment, 70 percent of those patients have advanced disease.
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Pelvic examinations are significant for cervical cancer screening but aren’t reliable for the detection of ovarian cancer.
The tumor mark CA-125 is only raised in the blood of just about half of the girls using early-stage ovarian cancer.
To complicate things, CA-125 amount could be abnormal in several benign conditions like pregnancy, endometriosis, ovarian cysts, pelvic inflammatory disease, uterine fibroid, pancreatitis, abdominal infection, lung disease, and liver disease like cirrhosis.
Unfortunately, ovarian cancer generally can’t be diagnosed with only a needle biopsy, since this process isn’t reliable for this particular disease.
A suspicious discovering usually contributes to invasive operation so as to definitively tell if the ovarian cyst or mass is cancer or not.
BRCA gene testing ought to be achieved when there are many family members with ovarian cancer, bilateral or early-onset breast cancer, both ovarian and breast tumor at precisely the exact same individual, or breast cancer.
This gene could be transferred by either the female or male parent. Patients using a hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndrome include a 3.5 fold gain in the risk of ovary tumors.